1. What is the process of successive deposition and formation of Sedimentary rocks called?
- Foliation
- Lithification
- Crystallisation
- Recrystallisation
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Answer: Lithification
Lithification is the process by which sediments compact under each other and lead to the successive deposition and formation of Sedimentary rocks.
2. How much percentage of the volume of the Earth’s crust is composed of Metamorphic rocks?
- 99%
- 8%
- 53%
- 27%
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Answer: 27%
Metamorphic rocks are formed by subjecting any rock under different pressure and temperature conditions. They compose 27.4% of the volume of the Earth’s crust.
3. How much percentage of the Earth’s crust by volume is composed of Sedimentary rocks?
- 95%
- 70%
- 8%
- 58%
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Answer: 8%
Approximately 7.9% of the Earth’s crust by volume is composed of sedimentary rocks.
4. Which rocks comprise almost 65% of the Earth’s crust?
- Plutonic
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
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Answer: Igneous
Igneous rocks make up most of the Earth’s crust, comprising almost 65% of it.
5. What is a major factor in determining the properties of rocks?
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Silica
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Answer: Silica
The proportion of silica in rocks and minerals is a major factor in determining the properties of rocks.
6. What is Shale an example of?
- Igneous Rock
- Sedimentary Rock
- Metamorphic Rock
- None of the above
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Answer: Sedimentary Rock
Shale is an example of sedimentary rock. It is formed from the compaction of silt and clay-size mineral particles that are commonly called “mud.”
7. Which among the following is formed by the process of Lithification?
- Granite
- Basalt
- Marble
- Feldspar
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Answer: Feldspar
Lithification is the process that gives rise to sedimentary rocks, and among the given, only Feldspar is a sedimentary rock.
8. Granite is an example of which type of rock?
- Intrusive igneous rock
- Extrusive igneous rock
- Sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
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Answer: Intrusive igneous rock
Granite is an example of an intrusive igneous rock, which cools and solidifies within the earth’s crust, resulting in a coarse-grained texture.
9. Which type of rocks are known as Primary rocks?
- Igneous rocks
- Metamorphic rocks
- Sedimentary rocks
- None of the above
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Answer: Igneous rocks
All rocks, including metamorphic and sedimentary, are derived from igneous rocks, which are formed by the solidification of hot molten material called magma or lava. Therefore, igneous rocks are also called primary rocks or parent rocks.
10. Which type of rocks are formed from existing rocks by undergoing the process of recrystallization?
- Igneous rocks
- Metamorphic rocks
- Sedimentary rocks
- None of the above
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Answer: Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks through the process of recrystallization, which involves changes in mineral composition and texture due to high heat and pressure.
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