1. Which of the following is also known as the Magna Carta of Indian Education?
- Wood’s Despatch
- Sadler Commission
- Indian Universities Act 1904
- Raleigh Commission
Show Answer
Answer: Wood’s Despatch
Wood’s Despatch of 1854, also known as the “Magna Carta of English Education in India,” was a significant education policy document. It was sent by Sir Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control, to the Governor-General of India. This despatch laid the foundation of the modern education system in India. It recommended adopting vernacular languages for primary schools, the Anglo-Vernacular language for high schools, and the English medium for higher education. It also emphasized the importance of moral and religious education, provided grants to educational institutions, and recommended the establishment of universities.
2. Which was the first state in India, during pre-independence times, when compulsory primary education was launched for the first time?
- Baroda
- Arcot
- Coorg
- Hyderabad
Show Answer
Answer: Baroda
The State of Baroda introduced the first law on compulsory education in India in 1906. This law was a landmark step in promoting education. It made education compulsory for boys between the ages of 7 to 12 and for girls between the ages of 7 to 10. This legal requirement was a significant development in ensuring that a broader section of the population had access to education.
3. Who founded the Central Hindu College at Varanasi, which was later converted into Banaras Hindu University?
- Madan Mohan Malviya
- Annie Besant
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Jamna Lal Bajaj
Show Answer
Answer: Madan Mohan Malviya
Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, a prominent Indian educationist and freedom fighter, founded the Central Hindu College in Varanasi. This institution later evolved into Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in 1915. BHU became a renowned educational institution in India, promoting Indian culture and education.
4. Which of the following organizations were founded by Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya?
1. Banaras Hindu University
2. Hindu Samaj
3. Bharat Dharma Mahamandal
4. Hindu Mahasabha
Choose the right option
- Only 1 & 2
- Only 2 & 4
- Only 1, 2, and 4
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: Only 1, 2, and 4
Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya was indeed a prominent figure in India’s educational and social landscape. He was associated with various organizations, including the founding of BHU, the Hindu Samaj, the Hindu Mahasabha, and other institutions dedicated to the promotion of Indian culture, education, and society.
5. For reforms in which area was the Hartog Commission established?
- Society
- Education
- Civil services
- Economic reforms
Show Answer
Answer: Education
The Hartog Committee, established in 1929 during Lord Irwin’s tenure as Viceroy, examined the growth of education in British India. The committee submitted its report, with a primary focus on expanding mass education in India, especially at the primary and secondary levels. The Hartog Committee’s recommendations were significant in shaping the direction of education in the country.
6. “In the context of Wood’s Despatch, consider the following statements:
- Wood’s Despatch of 1854 laid the foundation of the present system of education in India.
- It helped the educational institutions founded by private efforts to obtain grants from the Government of India.
- It made provision for moral and religious education as an important part of education.
Choose the right option”
- Only 1
- 1 & 2
- 2 & 3
- 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Answer: 1, 2 & 3
Wood’s Despatch of 1854 is considered the Magna Carta of English Education in India. It laid the foundation of the present education system, provided grants to educational institutions, and emphasized moral and religious education.
7. By which Charter Act was the financial allocation for education made for the first time?
- Charter Act 1773
- Charter Act 1793
- Charter Act 1813
- Charter Act 1833
Show Answer
Answer: Charter Act 1813
The Charter Act of 1813 introduced a financial grant of Rs. 1 lakh for education, marking the first instance of the British government allocating funds specifically for educational purposes in India. This grant had important implications for the development of education in colonial India.
8. Consider the following statements about the Wardha Educational Conference 1937:
1. Free and compulsory education for 7 years at a nationwide scale was a resolution taken at the conference.
2. Mother tongue should be the medium of instruction during this period of 7 years.
3. The education during this period should be focused around India’s rich culture, heritage, and proud history.
4. This system would generate remuneration for the teachers.
Choose the right option
- Only 1, 2 & 3
- Only 2, 3 & 4
- Only 1 & 3
- Only 1 & 2
Show Answer
Answer: Only 1, 2 & 3
The resolutions adopted at the Wardha Educational Conference in 1937 were influential in shaping India’s educational policies. The conference called for free and compulsory education for seven years, with the mother tongue as the medium of instruction. It emphasized preserving India’s cultural heritage and history during the educational process, contributing to the formulation of later education policies.
9. Which of the following statements is/are correct about Wood’s Despatch of 1854?
1. It recommended vernacular languages for primary education and English language for higher education.
2. The system of grants-in-aid was recommended to help private enterprises.
3. It recommended a comprehensive system of scholarships for higher education.
Choose the right option:
- 1 & 2 Only
- 2 & 3 Only
- 1, 2 & 3
- None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: 1, 2 & 3
Wood’s Despatch of 1854 recommended vernacular languages for primary education, English for higher education, and grants-in-aid for private institutions. It also suggested a comprehensive scholarship system for higher education.
10. The Hunter Commission:
1. Was appointed by Lord Ripon
2. Recommended the transfer of monitoring power of primary education to District and Municipal Boards
Choose the right code:
- Only 1
- Only 2
- Both 1 and 2
- None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: Both 1 and 2
The Hunter Commission, appointed by Lord Ripon, recommended the transfer of control over primary education to District and Municipal Boards. This policy move aimed to decentralize educational administration and provide local authorities with greater oversight of primary education.
Q11: The Raleigh Commission:
1. Was appointed by Lord Curzon
2. Its main aim was to inquire into the conditions and prospects of the universities
Choose the right code:
1. Only 1
2. Only 2
3. Both 1 and 2
4. None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: The Raleigh Commission, appointed by Lord Curzon, had the primary objective of investigating the conditions and prospects of universities in India. This commission’s findings and recommendations contributed to reforms in university education during the colonial period.
Q12: Consider the following statements about the Sadler Commission:
1. It was the first commission to review education from school education to university education.
2. It provided for secondary and intermediate education to be controlled by a board of secondary education.
Choose the right option
1. 1 Only
2. 2 Only
3. Both 1 & 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: The Sadler Commission, also known as the Calcutta University Commission, conducted a comprehensive review of education from school to university levels. It recommended the separation of secondary and intermediate education from degree colleges, advocating the creation of a separate board for secondary education. The commission’s insights had a profound impact on the education system in India.
Q13: Which of the following is also called the Scheme of Post War Educational Development in India?
1. Sargent Report
2. Abbot-Wood Report
3. Saddler Commission Report
4. Hartog Committee Report
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The Sargent Report, also referred to as the Scheme of Post War Educational Development in India, recommended the establishment of the University Grants Commission (UGC) and proposed a three-year degree course. The UGC became a key institution for regulating higher education in India.
Q14: Consider the following statements about the Hartog Committee:
1. The committee was set up during the reign of Lord Irwin.
2. It was set up to investigate the Anglo-Asian opium trade.
Choose the right option:
1. 1 Only
2. 2 Only
3. Both 1 & 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The Hartog Committee, established in 1929 during Lord Irwin’s tenure, was indeed tasked with assessing the growth and standard of education in British India. It was chaired by Sir Philip Joseph Hartog, and its primary focus was to recommend measures to address the issues arising from the proliferation of educational institutions.
Q15: Consider the following statements about Wood’s Despatch:
1. It proposed setting up several vernacular primary schools in the villages.
2. It encouraged privatization in the field of education.
3. It encouraged developing practical and vocational skills of Indian people.
4. It recommended English as the language for higher education.
Choose the right option
1. Only 1, 2 & 3
2. Only 2, 3 & 4
3. Only 1, 3 & 4
4. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: The correct statements are indeed 1, 3, and 4. Wood’s Despatch of 1854 proposed the establishment of vernacular primary schools to promote education at the grassroots level. It also emphasized practical and vocational skills development and recommended the use of English as the medium of instruction for higher education.
Q16: Which among the following objectives of the Charter Act of 1813 for education is/are correct?
1. To encourage educated Indians.
2. To provide knowledge of Modern science.
3. It asked the Company to provide 1 Lakh rupees for educational upliftment.
Choose the right option
1. 1 only
2. 1 & 3
3. 2 & 3
4. 1, 2 & 3
Show Answer
Answer: 2
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1813 aimed to encourage the education of Indians and allocated a sum of Rs. 1 lakh specifically for educational upliftment. This marked the first instance of a financial allocation for educational purposes in India.
Q17: Who among the following wrote a letter to Lord Amherst for some demand related to education?
1. Henry Louis Vivian Derozio
2. Ram Mohan Roy
3. Vidyasagar
4. Madhusudan Dutt
Show Answer
Answer: 2
Explanation: In 1823, Raja Rammohan Roy wrote a letter to Lord Amherst, emphasizing the importance of providing education to Indians in various subjects, including Mathematics, Natural Science, Chemistry, Osteology, and Western Philosophy. His advocacy for a broad and modern education curriculum was ahead of its time.
Q18: Who among the following said, Indian learning was inferior to European learning?
1. Lord Macaulay
2. Drinkwater Bethune
3. Jonathan Duncan
4. Lord Wellesley
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: Lord Macaulay is famously associated with the view that Indian learning was inferior to European learning. His Minute of Education in 1835 advocated for promoting English education and de-emphasizing support for Oriental learning, a stance that had a significant impact on the educational policies of the time.
Q19: Who among the following focused on providing Village education?
1. Lord Macaulay
2. Drinkwater Bethune
3. James Thomson
4. Warren Hastings
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: James Thomson, the Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Provinces, indeed focused on providing village education to train personnel for the Public Works Department. This move aimed to develop practical skills among the local population.
Q20: In the year 1857, Universities were set up in which among the following places?
1. Calcutta
2. Bombay
3. Madras
4. Delhi
Choose the right code:
1. 1 only
2. 1 & 3
3. 1, 2 & 3
4. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: In 1857, universities were indeed established in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, marking a significant development in higher education during the colonial era.
Q21: Bethune School was founded in which year?
1. 1839
2. 1849
3. 1859
4. 1869
Show Answer
Answer: 2
Explanation: Drinkwater Bethune founded Bethune School (Girl’s School) in Kolkata in 1849, and it later evolved into a college in 1879. This institution played a crucial role in the promotion of women’s education in India.
Q22: The establishment of Sanskrit College at Calcutta was opposed by who among the following?
1. William Digby
2. Rabindranath Tagore
3. Raja Rammohan Roy
4. William Bentinck
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: Raja Rammohan Roy opposed the establishment of Sanskrit College at Calcutta due to his dissatisfaction with its teaching methodology and the limited scope of its curriculum. He was a strong advocate for a modern and diverse education system.
Q23: Which among the following resolutions of the Minute of Lord Macaulay are correct?
1. Extension of European literature and science.
2. Assisting the students for Oriental learning was stopped.
3. Oriental works would not receive Government funds.
4. Government funds would be utilized for English literature and science.
Choose the right option:
1. 1 & 2
2. 1, 2 & 3
3. 1, 3 & 4
4. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 4
Explanation: The Minute of Lord Macaulay in 1835 laid out a comprehensive plan to extend European literature and science, stop aiding Oriental learning, cease funding Oriental works, and utilize government funds for the promotion of English literature and science.
Q24: Which educational commission focused mainly on Primary and Secondary education?
1. Hunter Commission
2. Wood’s Despatch
3. Macaulay Minutes
4. Resolutions of 1913
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The Hunter Commission, appointed by Lord Ripon in 1882, primarily focused on primary and secondary education, with particular attention to female education.
Q25: Who among the following described the Indian Universities Act of 1904 as a retrograde measure?
1. Gopal Krishna Gokhale
2. Raja Rammohan Roy
3. M.G. Ranade
4. C.R. Das
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: Gopal Krishna Gokhale did, in fact, describe the Indian Universities Act of 1904 as a retrograde measure. This act had implications for the administration and structure of universities in India.
Q26: Saddler Commission was appointed mainly to investigate the problems of which among the following universities?
1. Bombay University
2. Calcutta University
3. Delhi University
4. Kanpur University
Show Answer
Answer: 2
Explanation: The Saddler Commission, appointed in 1917, primarily examined the issues within Calcutta University. However, its recommendations often had a broader impact, benefiting other universities as well.
Q27: Hartog committee was appointed in which year?
1. 1929
2. 1942
3. 1948
4. 1964
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The Hartog Committee, formed in 1929, aimed to address the challenges associated with the expansion of educational institutions. Sir Philip Joseph Hartog chaired this committee, and it played a role in shaping educational policies in British India.
Q28: Who among the following was appointed as the chairman of the committee to formulate the scheme of basic education in India in the Wardha educational conference?
1. N.S. Reddy
2. William Hunter
3. Maulana Azad
4. Zakir Hussain
Show Answer
Answer: 4
Explanation: In the Wardha educational conference held in 1937, Dr. Zakir Hussain chaired the committee responsible for formulating the scheme of basic education. This conference had a profound influence on the direction of education in India.
Q29: Which of the following committee’s main objective was to achieve the level of literacy in India similar to England within 40 years?
1. Saddler Commission
2. Macaulay’s Minutes
3. Sergeant Plan
4. Wardha scheme
Show Answer
Answer: 3
Explanation: The Sergeant Plan, developed in 1944, had the main objective of achieving a level of literacy in India similar to England’s within 40 years. It also recommended the abolition of the intermediate course in education.
Q30: Which among the following commission recommended placing university education into the concurrent list?
1. Radhakrishnan Commission
2. Hartog Commission
3. Saddler University Commission
4. Hunter Commission
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The Radhakrishnan Committee, set up in 1948, suggested placing university education on the concurrent list. This committee’s recommendations had a significant impact on the governance and administration of universities.
Q31: University Grants Commission was constituted in which year?
1. 1953
2. 1958
3. 1959
4. 1962
Show Answer
Answer: 1
Explanation: The University Grants Commission (UGC) was indeed constituted in 1953, with the recommendation of the Radhakrishnan Committee. The UGC received statutory status through an Act of Parliament in 1956, establishing its role in regulating and coordinating higher education in India.
Q32: Which among the following are correct about the Kothari Commission?
1. It was appointed in 1964
2. Daulat Singh Kothari was its chairman
3. It suggested compulsory education up to 14 years
4. It also focused on agriculture education
Choose the right option
1. 1 & 3
2. 2 & 3
3. 2, 3 & 4
4. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 4
Explanation: The Kothari Commission was appointed in 1964, with Daulat Singh Kothari as the chairman. It suggested compulsory education up to the age of 14 and also focused on Agriculture education.
Q33: Arrange the following educational commissions chronologically:
1. Hunter Commission
2. Kothari Commission
3. Radhakrishnan Commission
4, Saddler Commission
Choose the right option
1. 1, 2, 3, 4
2. 1, 4, 3, 2
3. 1, 3, 4, 2
4. 1, 2, 4, 3
Show Answer
Answer: 2
Explanation: The chronological order of the commissions is:
1. Hunter Commission (1882)
2. Saddler Commission (1917)
3. Radhakrishnan Commission (1948)
4. Kothari Commission (1964)
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