Understanding the complexities of climate, climatic regions, rains, monsoons, and winds is essential for a deeper grasp of geography. In this article, titled Climate, Climatic Regions, Rains, Monsoon, Winds GK MCQs With Answer & Explanation in English, we provide a series of multiple-choice questions designed to test your knowledge of these crucial topics.
Each question is accompanied by detailed answers and explanations to help you grasp the concepts effectively, making this an excellent resource for exam preparation or general learning.
1. The concept of differential heating was primarily given to explain which of the following geographical phenomena in India?
- Monsoon
- Jet streams
- Cyclones
- Desert storms
Show Answer
Answer: Monsoon
The concept of “differential heating” is a fundamental principle in understanding the origin of the Indian Monsoon. However, it was not proposed by Halley but rather developed and refined by scientists over time. Differential heating refers to the uneven warming of the Earth’s surface due to variations in solar radiation received at different latitudes. In the case of the Indian Monsoon, it plays a crucial role. During the summer months, the Indian subcontinent heats up more rapidly than the surrounding oceans. This temperature difference between the landmass and the ocean creates a low-pressure area over the land and a high-pressure area over the ocean. This pressure gradient sets in motion the moist air from the ocean, resulting in the monsoon winds and the rainy season.
2. Which among the following cities of India does not fall in the Torrid Zone?
- Chennai
- Mumbai
- Bangalore
- Jaipur
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Answer: Jaipur
Jaipur, the capital city of the Indian state of Rajasthan, is indeed located in the temperate zone. The Earth’s surface is divided into various climatic zones based on latitude, and the Torrid Zone is one of them. It is situated between the Tropic of Cancer (approximately 23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (approximately 23.5°S). Jaipur is positioned at a latitude of around 26.9°N, which places it north of the Tropic of Cancer and, therefore, in the temperate zone. The city experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by scorching summers and relatively mild winters, typical of regions in the temperate zone.
3. Which of the following Monsoons account for most of the rainfall in India?
- North East Monsoon
- South West Monsoon
- South East Monsoon
- East Asia Monsoon
Show Answer
Answer: South West Monsoon
The South West Monsoon is the most significant weather phenomenon in India, responsible for the majority of the country’s annual rainfall. It typically occurs from July through September, bringing heavy rains to various parts of India. This monsoon is a result of the seasonal reversal of wind patterns. During summer, moist air from the Indian Ocean is drawn over the subcontinent due to the low-pressure system created by the differential heating of land and sea. This moisture-laden air leads to widespread rainfall, especially in the northern, western, and eastern regions of India, crucial for agriculture and the overall water supply.
4. In which of the following seasons, brief squalls and thunderstorms known as Kalbaisakhi, or Nor’westers, often occur in West Bengal?
- Early winter
- Late winter
- Early summer
- Rainy Season
Show Answer
Answer: Early summer
Kalbaisakhi, also known as Nor’westers, are sudden and severe thunderstorms that occur in the Indian state of West Bengal, particularly during early summer. These storms are characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, lightning, and sometimes hail. They are associated with the pre-monsoon season and often bring relief from the scorching heat. Kalbaisakhi can be intense and have both positive and negative impacts, including cooling the atmosphere, replenishing groundwater, but also causing damage due to their intensity.
5. What would be the influence on the weather conditions when in mid-winter a feeble high pressure develops over the North-Western part of India?
1. High and dry winds would blow outward from this high-pressure area.
2. The Northern plain would become cold.
3. Scorching winds (locally called loo) would blow during the daytime.
4. There would be torrential rains brought by thunderstorms.
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
- 1 only
- 1 & 2
- 1, 3 & 4
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 1 only
In mid-winter, a feeble high-pressure system often develops over the northwestern part of India. This high-pressure area results in the movement of dry and cool winds outward from the region. These dry winds are commonly known as “westerlies.” They blow from land to sea, having a drying effect on the landscape. While these winds may not be as significant as the monsoons in terms of moisture, they do influence the winter climate in parts of India, making it relatively cooler and drier during this season.
6. Which among the following statements are correct?
1. In the coastal regions, the land breeze blows over to the sea during the night.
2. In the coastal regions, during the night, the air over the sea is warmer than the air over land.
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 & 2
- None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: 1 & 2
In the coastal regions, during the day, the land gets heated and the air over the land being hotter and lighter than that over the sea, a low-pressure area is created over the land. The hot air rises, and cool air from the sea reaches in towards the land, which is referred to as the sea breeze. During the night, the land rapidly loses its heat faster than the sea. The air over the sea is, therefore, warmer and lighter than over the land, and a breeze blows but from the land towards the sea. This phenomenon results in the land breeze blowing over to the sea during the night.
7. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone is a low-pressure belt that forms an important zone of contact over Northern India and Pakistan.
2. Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone invites the inflow of winds from different directions.
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 & 2
- None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: 1 & 2
The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, often abbreviated as ITCZ, is a significant climatic phenomenon near the equator. It is sometimes referred to as the “doldrums” due to the calm and windless conditions that sailors historically encountered in this region. The ITCZ is an area encircling the Earth near the equator where the northeast and southeast trade winds converge. This convergence of trade winds results from the Sun’s direct heating of the equatorial region, causing warm, moist air to rise and create a low-pressure area. While the ITCZ plays a crucial role in global atmospheric circulation, it does not form a major zone of contact over Northern India and Pakistan. Instead, these regions are more influenced by the Indian monsoon, which brings moisture-laden winds from the southwest during the summer.
8. The retreating Monsoon gives rainfall to which of the following places of India?
- Gujarat
- Tamil Nadu
- Rajasthan
- Maharashtra
Show Answer
Answer: Tamil Nadu
The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, often abbreviated as ITCZ, is a significant climatic phenomenon near the equator. It is sometimes referred to as the “doldrums” due to the calm and windless conditions that sailors historically encountered in this region. The ITCZ is an area encircling the Earth near the equator where the northeast and southeast trade winds converge. This convergence of trade winds results from the Sun’s direct heating of the equatorial region, causing warm, moist air to rise and create a low-pressure area. While the ITCZ plays a crucial role in global atmospheric circulation, it does not form a major zone of contact over Northern India and Pakistan. Instead, these regions are more influenced by the Indian monsoon, which brings moisture-laden winds from the southwest during the summer.
9. Which one of the following is the wettest place in India?
- Udhagamandalam
- Mawsynram
- Cherrapunji
- Tamilnadu
Show Answer
Answer: Mawsynram
Mawsynram, situated in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya, holds the distinction of being the wettest place in India and one of the wettest places on Earth. It receives exceptionally high amounts of rainfall annually due to its location in the path of moist air masses from the Bay of Bengal. The orographic effect, where moist air is forced to rise over the Khasi Hills, contributes to heavy rainfall. Mawsynram’s annual precipitation can exceed 11,871 millimeters (467.4 inches), making it a unique climatic phenomenon.
10. South-West Monsoon reaches Kerala in which of the following time of the months?
- First week of July
- Mid-July
- Last June
- End of May
Show Answer
Answer: End of May
The arrival of the Southwest Monsoon in Kerala is a highly anticipated annual event. Typically, the monsoon winds reach the southwestern coast of India, particularly Kerala, in the last few days of May or the early days of June. This arrival marks the onset of the rainy season in the region. The monsoon rains play a vital role in replenishing water resources, supporting agriculture, and shaping the climate of the Indian subcontinent.
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