31. Which of the following is not an event in ancient Indian history in the BC era?
- Foundation of the Indo-Greek empire
- Beginning of Vikram Samvat Era
- Fourth Buddhist Council
- Hathigumpha inscription by Kharavela
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Correct Answer: Beginning of Vikram Samvat Era
The beginning of the Vikram Samvat Era is an event in ancient Indian history, but it occurred in the BC era. The other options, including the foundation of the Indo-Greek empire, the Fourth Buddhist Council, and the Hathigumpha inscription by Kharavela, are events in ancient Indian history in the BC era.
32. Gautama or Siddhartha was born at which of the following places?
- Patliputra
- Lumbini
- Kundagram
- Kosala
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Correct Answer: Lumbini
Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was indeed born in Lumbini in 563 BC. Lumbini is located in present-day Nepal and is recognized as the birthplace of Siddhartha, who later became known as the Buddha.
33. What was the name of Gautama or Siddhartha’s stepmother?
- Prajapati Gautami
- Mahamaya
- Yasodhara
- Anojja
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Correct Answer: Prajapati Gautami
Siddhartha Gautama’s stepmother was indeed named Prajapati Gautami. After the death of his mother, Mahamaya, she played a significant role in Siddhartha’s upbringing and care.
34. What are the ‘tripitakas’?
- Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh
- Triratnas of Mahavira
- Collection of the teachings of Buddha
- None of the above
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Correct Answer: Collection of the teachings of Buddha
The ‘Tripitakas,’ often referred to as the Pali Canon, are a collection of Buddhist scriptures that contain the teachings of Gautama Buddha. The term means “Three Baskets” and includes the Vinaya Pitaka (rules for monastic discipline), Sutta Pitaka (Buddha’s discourses), and Abhidhamma Pitaka (philosophical and doctrinal analysis).
35. Which of the following are correct regarding Jatakas?
- They are the stories of animals
- They are the stories of Buddha’s family
- They are the stories of previous births of the Buddha
- None of the above
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Correct Answer: They are the stories of previous births of the Buddha
The Jatakas are a collection of stories in Buddhism that recount the previous lives of Gautama Buddha before he attained enlightenment. These stories serve as moral lessons and illustrate various aspects of the Buddha’s journey.
36. Which of the following is also known as Sakyamuni or Tathagata?
- Mahavira
- Valmiki
- Upali
- Buddha
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Correct Answer: Buddha
“Sakyamuni” and “Tathagata” are indeed epithets used to refer to Gautama Buddha. Sakyamuni means the “Sage of the Sakya clan,” acknowledging his family lineage, while Tathagata means “One who has thus gone” or “One who has thus come,” reflecting his transcendent nature.
37. After encountering which of the following sights did Siddhartha decide to become a wanderer and leave his palace?
1. An old man
2. A sick man
3. A corpse
4. An ascetic
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
- Only 1 & 2
- Only 2 & 3
- Only 2, 3 & 4
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
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Correct Answer: 1, 2, 3 & 4
Siddhartha Gautama’s encounters with an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and an ascetic are described in Buddhist texts. These encounters were pivotal in his realization of the suffering and impermanence of life, which led to his decision to renounce his princely life in search of spiritual truth.
38. With which of the following wandering ascetics did Buddha practice austerities?
1. Kondanna
2. Bhaddiya
3. Vappa
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
- Only 1
- Only 2
- Only 3
- 1, 2 & 3
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Correct Answer: 1, 2 & 3
Siddhartha practiced austerities with several wandering ascetics, including Kondanna, Bhaddiya, and Vappa, before his enlightenment. These ascetics pursued extreme self-mortification practices, which Siddhartha later abandoned in favor of the Middle Way.
39. Buddha was offered a bowl of milk-rice by which of the following?
- Sujata
- Kapila
- Yashodhara
- Suneeta
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Correct Answer: Sujata
When Buddha was on the path of seeking enlightenment, a village girl named Sujata offered him a bowl of milk-rice. This act of kindness and nourishment marked an important turning point in Buddha’s journey.
40. At which of the following places did Gautam Buddha attain Nirvana/Enlightenment?
- Lumbini
- Bodh Gaya
- Kushinagar
- Sarnath
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Correct Answer: Bodh Gaya
Gautama Buddha did indeed attain enlightenment at Bodh Gaya in Bihar. This event took place under the Bodhi tree, marking the culmination of his spiritual journey and his realization of the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path.
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