The High Courts & Subordinate Courts GK MCQs article provides a comprehensive collection of multiple-choice questions to help you understand the structure, functions, and jurisdiction of India’s judicial system.
Focusing on the High Courts and their role in the hierarchy, along with the subordinate courts that handle local judicial matters, this resource is ideal for students and competitive exam aspirants seeking to strengthen their knowledge of Indian judiciary concepts. Dive into these GK MCQs to enhance your legal understanding and boost your exam preparation.
1. In which year did the institution of high court originate in India?
- 1852
- 1860
- 1862
- 1870
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Answer: 1862
The institution of High Courts in India dates back to 1862 when the first High Courts were established in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras. These courts were set up during the British colonial rule and played a significant role in administering justice within their respective regions.
2. Where was the fourth high court established in the year 1866?
- Calcutta
- Allahabad
- Madras
- Kolkata
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Answer: Allahabad
In 1866, a fourth High Court was established in Allahabad, further expanding the judicial system in British India. Over time, each province in British India came to have its own High Court, providing localized access to justice.
3. Which amendment authorised the Parliament to establish a common high court for two or more states or for two or more states and a union territory?
- 5th
- 6th
- 7th
- 8th
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Answer: 7th
The Indian Constitution provides for a High Court for each state. However, the Seventh Amendment Act of 1956 empowered the Indian Parliament to establish a common High Court for two or more states or for two or more states and a union territory. This flexibility allows for the efficient administration of justice across regions with varying caseloads.
4. How many High Courts are there in India at present?
- 25
- 24
- 23
- 22
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Answer: 25
As of today, India has 25 High Courts. These High Courts are part of a single integrated judicial system, with the Supreme Court of India serving as the apex body. Below the High Courts are the subordinate courts, which handle various levels of legal matters.
5. Which of the following Union Territories has a High Court of its own?
- Jammu & Kashmir
- Lakshadweep
- Delhi
- Andaman & Nicobar
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Answer: Delhi
Notably, Delhi is the only Union Territory in India that has a separate High Court, established in 1966. The Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh share a common High Court, which was established post the abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019.
6. Who is authorised to extend the jurisdiction of a High Court?
- Parliament
- Supreme Court
- President
- State Legislature
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Answer: Parliament
The Parliament of India holds the authority to extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to any Union Territory or exclude its jurisdiction from any Union Territory. This legal flexibility allows for effective governance in the Union Territories.
7. Which of the following articles deal with the organisation, independence, jurisdiction, powers, procedures, and so on of the high courts?
- Articles 164 to 174
- Articles 175 to 191
- Articles 189 to 104
- Articles 214 to 231
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Answer: Articles 214 to 231
The provisions related to the organization, independence, jurisdiction, powers, and procedures of the High Courts in India are detailed in Articles 214 to 231, located in Part VI of the Indian Constitution. These articles lay the foundation for the functioning of the High Courts.
8. Which determines the strength of the High Court?
- President
- Parliament
- Supreme Court
- State Legislature
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Answer: President
The Constitution does not specify the exact strength or number of judges for each High Court in India. Instead, the determination of the strength of a High Court is left to the discretion of the President of India. The President periodically assesses and decides the required strength based on factors such as caseload and workload.
9. Who appoints the judges of a high court?
- Supreme Court
- Chief Justice of India
- President
- Parliament
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Answer: President
The judges of a High Court are appointed by the President of India. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the respective state. This consultative process helps ensure the selection of qualified and experienced individuals to serve on the High Court benches and maintain the independence and integrity of the judiciary.
10. Who administers the oath to a judge of a high court?
- President
- Chief Justice of India
- Attorney General
- Governor
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Answer: Governor
A person appointed as a judge of a High Court is required to make and subscribe an oath or affirmation before the Governor of the state or another person designated by the Governor for this purpose. This is a formal requirement that signifies the judge’s commitment to upholding the Constitution and the laws of the land upon assuming the office.
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