In this article, we delve into the Important Laws on Environment & Forests GK MCQs With Answer & Explanation in English. Understanding these laws is crucial for anyone preparing for competitive exams or seeking to enhance their knowledge of environmental legislation in India.
The following multiple-choice questions are designed to test your knowledge of key environmental laws, their provisions, and the role they play in forest conservation. Each question is accompanied by detailed answers and explanations to help clarify important concepts and improve your understanding of this vital subject.
1. The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA) does not authorise the States to give the Gram Sabhas power to regulate and restrict which of the following?
- Sale/consumption of liquor
- Minor Forest Produce
- Identify the beneficiary of the schemes
- Manage mineral resources
Show Answer
Answer: Manage mineral resources
The PESA Act, enacted in 1996, empowers Gram Sabhas (village assemblies) in Scheduled Areas with specific rights and responsibilities. Scheduled Areas primarily include regions with a significant tribal population. Under this act, Gram Sabhas have the authority to regulate and restrict various activities, including the sale and consumption of liquor, ownership of minor forest produce, prevention of alienation of land and restoration of alienated land, management of village markets, control of money lending to Scheduled Tribes (STs), and several executive functions related to approving plans and identifying beneficiaries for various schemes.
2. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was enacted in which year?
- 1980
- 1981
- 1982
- 1983
Show Answer
Answer: 1981
The Air Act was enacted in 1981 to combat and prevent air pollution in India. It provides a legal framework for regulating and controlling activities that contribute to air pollution. The act was later amended in 1987 to enhance its effectiveness in addressing air quality issues, industrial emissions, and related environmental concerns.
3. Where is the headquarters of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE)?
- Dehradun
- Ranchi
- Shimla
- Bhopal
Show Answer
Answer: Dehradun
The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) is an autonomous organisation under the Ministry of Environment and Forests of the Government of India. It is headquartered in Dehradun.
4. The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) has how many research institutes?
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
Show Answer
Answer: 9
The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) has 9 research institutes and 4 advanced centres to cater to the research needs of different biogeographical regions in India.
5. Where is the Forest Research Institute located?
- Raipur
- Jodhpur
- Dehradun
- Chennai
Show Answer
Answer: Dehradun
The Forest Research Institute is located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The Forest Research Institute (FRI) is an institute of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education.
6. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, was enacted to meet the obligations under which of the following conventions?
- Convention to Combat Desertification
- Climate Change Convention
- Convention on Biological Diversity
- None of the above
Show Answer
Answer: Convention on Biological Diversity
The Biological Diversity Act of 2002 was enacted by the Parliament of India to meet the obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity. It provides a mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge.
7. Which section of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, defined the term “biodiversity”?
- Section 1(a)
- Section 1(b)
- Section 2(a)
- Section 2(b)
Show Answer
Answer: Section 2(b)
Biodiversity has been defined under Section 2(b) of the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. It is defined as “the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecological complexes of which they are part, and includes diversity within species or between species and of ecosystems.”
8. Where is the headquarters of the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
- Chennai
- Hyderabad
- Nasik
- Nagpur
Show Answer
Answer: Chennai
NBA is a statutory autonomous body established by the Government of India in 2003 to implement the provisions of the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. It is headquartered in Chennai and functions to regulate activities prohibited under the Act, advise the government on biodiversity conservation, recommend biological heritage sites, and oppose the grant of intellectual property rights in foreign countries related to biological resources and associated traditional knowledge.
9. The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was established in which year?
- 2002
- 2003
- 2004
- 2005
Show Answer
Answer: 2003
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was established in the year 2003. It was established to implement the provisions under the Biological Diversity Act of 2002. It is headquartered in Chennai.
10. Which of the following are the functions of the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA)?
1. Regulation of acts prohibited under the Act
2. Advise the Government of India on biodiversity conservation
3. Advise the Government of India on the selection of biological heritage sites
4. Take appropriate steps for opposing the grant of intellectual property rights in foreign countries, arising from the use of biological resources or associated traditional knowledge
Choose the right option:
- Only 1 & 2
- Only 2 & 3
- Only 1, 2 & 3
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
Show Answer
Answer: 1, 2, 3 & 4
The functions of the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) are as follows: 1. Regulation of acts prohibited under the Act. 2. Advise the Government of India on biodiversity conservation. 3. Advise the Government of India on the selection of biological heritage sites. 4. Take appropriate measures for opposing the grant of intellectual property rights in foreign countries, arising from the use of biological resources or associated traditional knowledge.
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