1. Biomass is defined as-
- Total organic matter existing in an ecosystem
- Total inorganic matter existing in an ecosystem.
- Total organic and inorganic matter existing in an ecosystem
- None of the above
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Answer: Total organic matter existing in an ecosystem
Biomass refers to the total organic matter existing in an ecosystem, including living and recently living material from plants and animals.
2. Which of the following is the correct sequence in ecological levels from the lowest to the highest?
- Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Biosphere
- Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Biosphere
- Individual – Community – Population – Ecosystem – Biosphere
- Individual – Community – Population – Ecosystem – Biosphere
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Answer: Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Biosphere
The correct sequence of ecological levels from the lowest to the highest is: Individual – Population – Community – Ecosystem – Biosphere.
3. Which of the following is/are correct statements about the ecosystem?
- It forms with the interaction of biotic and abiotic elements’ interaction.
- In an ecosystem different species have different niches unique to themselves but can be overlapping.
- An ecotone is a part of an ecosystem.
- 1, 2 & 3
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Answer: 1, 2 & 3
All the statements (1. It forms with the interaction of biotic and abiotic elements’ interaction, 2. In an ecosystem different species have different niches unique to themselves but can be overlapping, 3. An ecotone is a part of an ecosystem) are correct.
4. Which among the following always decreases in a Food chain across trophic levels?
- Number
- Accumulated chemicals
- Energy
- None of the above
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Answer: Energy
Energy always decreases in a food chain across trophic levels due to the second law of thermodynamics.
5. In which of the following food chains, the Pyramid of Numbers will be always inverted?
- Grassland Food chain
- Ponds Food chain
- Forests Food Chain
- Parasitic food chain
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Answer: Parasitic food chain
In a parasitic food chain, the Pyramid of Numbers is always inverted, with fewer parasites at the top level than hosts at the bottom level.
6. Consider the following:
1. Bioaccumulation
2. Bio-concentration
3. Biomagnification
Which among the above takes place at the same trophic level of the Food Chain?
- Only 1
- Only 2
- Only 2 & 3
- Only 1 & 2
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Answer: Only 2 & 3
Bioconcentration and Biomagnification both occur at the same trophic level in the food chain, involving the accumulation of substances in organisms.
7. Which of the following is the unit of measurement of the “Ecological Footprint”?
- Global Hectare
- Gallon Per Capita
- Cubic metre
- Man Hour
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Answer: Global Hectare
The Ecological Footprint is measured in global hectares, which represent the average productive land and water an individual or entity requires to produce the resources it consumes.
8. “Ecology is Permanent Economy” This slogan is related to which of the following movements?
- Chipko Movement
- Narmada Bachao Andolan
- Appiko movement
- None of them
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Answer: Chipko Movement
The slogan “Ecology is Permanent Economy” is related to the Chipko Movement, which was a forest conservation movement initiated by Sunderlal Bahuguna.
9. Which among the following crops would enrich the Nitrogen content in the soil?
- Potato
- Sorghum
- Sunflower
- Pea
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Answer: Pea
Pea contains azatobactor, azolla in their roots, which are symbiotic bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation, enriching the soil with nitrogen.
10. Which among the following is a correct definition of an Ecotone?
- a transition between two types of ecosystems particularly plant communities.
- a transition between two types of ecosystems particularly soil structure & chemical Composition.
- a transition between two types of mountain ranges.
- a transition between two types of ecosystems such as water and land.
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Answer: a transition between two types of ecosystems particularly plant communities.
An ecotone is defined as the transition area between two biological communities, where two communities meet and integrate.
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