1. Which among the following biomes is normally situated between a forest and a desert?
- Taiga
- Tundra
- Grassland
- Rainforest
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Answer: Grassland
Grasslands are normally situated between a forest and a desert. They are characterized as lands dominated by grasses rather than large shrubs or trees.
2. Which among the following is the coldest of all biomes?
- Tundra
- Taiga
- Grassland
- None of the above
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Answer: Tundra
Tundra biome is the coldest of all the biomes. It is among the harshest biomes and is found in the arctic region and on top of mountains where the climate is cold and windy and the rainfall is scanty.
3. Which among the following is/are the Macronutrients in the soil?
- Chlorine
- Nitrogen
- Potassium
- Both B and C
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Answer: Both B and C
Macronutrients in the Soil are Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Sulphur. Chlorine is not a macronutrient in the soil.
4. In which among the following soils the proportion of fine particles is relatively higher?
- Clayey Soil
- Silt Soil
- Loamy Soil
- Sandy Soil
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Answer: Clayey Soil
The soil is classified based on the proportion of particles of various sizes. If the soil contains a greater proportion of big particles, it is called sandy soil. If the proportion of fine particles is relatively higher, then it is called clayey soil.
5. Which among the following layers of soil is dominated by organic matter?
- O Horizon
- E Horizon
- D Horizon
- A Horizon
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Answer: O Horizon
The O Horizon is the layer dominated by organic matter. Some O layers consist of undecomposed or partially decomposed litter (such as leaves, needles, twigs, moss, and lichens). They may be on top of either mineral or organic soils.
6. Which layer of the soil is also called as the bedrock?
- A – Horizon
- R- Horizon
- E- Horizon
- D- Horizon
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Answer: R- Horizon
R- Horizon is also known as bedrock, this forms the bottommost layer of the soil profile. It comprises largely unbroken rock strata, as a continuous hard mass. In situ, soils exhibit many features of the bedrock strata.
7. What is the topmost horizon of the soil called?
- A – Horizon
- B- Horizon
- C- Horizon
- E – Horizon
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Answer: A – Horizon
The topmost horizon of the soil is called the A – Horizon.
8. Which among the following statements is/are correct about the soil chemistry?
- High pH values indicate an acidic soil.
- A low pH indicates alkaline conditions
- Both A & B
- Neither A nor B
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Answer: Neither A nor B
High pH values indicate an alkaline soil, not an acidic soil. On the other hand, low pH values indicate an acidic soil. Therefore, neither statement A nor statement B is correct.
9. Which soil is the one in which none of the three, sand, silt, and clay, dominates the other two?
- Laterite soil
- Peaty soil
- Black soil
- Loamy soil
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Answer: Loamy soil
Loamy soil is the one in which none of the three (sand, silt, clay) dominates the other two. It has about 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay.
10. Which among the following is/are major components of soil?
- Inorganic materials
- Soil water
- Soil air
- All A, B, C
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Answer: All A, B, C
Soils contain four major components: inorganic materials, soil water, soil air, and organic matter.
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