1. Which among the given processes of weathering is common in iron-rich rocks?
- Oxidation
- Hydrolysis
- Solution
- Carbonation
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Answer: Oxidation
Oxidation, as a process of weathering, is common in iron-rich rocks.
2. Which among the following rocks is highly resistant to weathering?
- Feldspar
- Granite
- Iron
- Quartz
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Answer: Quartz
Quartz chemically weathers very, very slowly due to its high stability. It, therefore, remains unchanged.
3. What are debris flows composed largely of volcanic material from the flanks called?
- Loo
- Lahars
- Maestro
- Chinook
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Answer: Lahars
Lahars are debris flows composed largely of volcanic material from the flanks. These are water-saturated and are extremely destructive events.
4. What are the loose, broken rock layers resulting from weathering called?
- Pebbles
- Ash
- Regolith
- Sand
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Answer: Regolith
Regolith is the loose and broken rock layers resulting from weathering. Regolith covers most of the earth.
5. Through which among the following does biological weathering take place?
- Animal burrowing
- Human intervention
- Plant roots
- All of the above
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Answer: All of the above
Biological weathering involves breaking down the rocks through animal burrowing, human intervention, and plant roots.
6. What is decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water called?
- Oxidation
- Hydrolysis
- Erosion
- Carbonation
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Answer: Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is the process of decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water. Igneous rocks are more susceptible to hydrolysis. It increases the volume of rocks and leads to disintegration.
7. What is the process where curved layers peel off the bedrock?
- Frost Wedging
- Salt Wedging
- Temperature change
- Exfoliation
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Answer: Exfoliation
The process of exfoliation is a type of mechanical weathering where the peeling off the layers of the rocks leads to disintegration of the rock material.
8. Which among the following statements is/are correct?
- Mechanical weathering is more pronounced in humid areas.
- Chemical weathering is more pronounced in arid and cold regions.
- Both A and B
- Neither A nor B
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Answer: Neither A nor B
Mechanical weathering is more pronounced in arid and cold regions, whereas Chemical weathering is a characteristic feature of humid regions.
9. Pebble transport by rivers, sand drift over desert surfaces, soil blowing over fields are examples of which of the following phenomena?
- Deposition
- Saltation
- Attrition
- Weathering
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Answer: Saltation
Pebble transport by rivers, sand drift over desert surfaces, soil blowing over fields are examples of saltation. Saltation is a type of particle transport by fluids such as wind or water.
10. What are the lines drawn on the maps joining places experiencing an earthquake at the same time called?
- Isoseismal lines
- Homoseismal lines
- Thermohaline lines
- Isohaline lines
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Answer: Homoseismal lines
Homoseismal lines are the lines drawn on the maps joining places experiencing an earthquake at the same time. They are also called coseismal lines.
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