51. A large number of beads were discovered at Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley Civilization. Most of these beads were made of:
- Lapis
- Steatite
- Terracotta
- Jasper
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Correct Answer: Steatite
Among the important discoveries at Mohenjo-Daro are beautiful beads, which were a significant part of the civilization’s material culture. The majority of these beads were crafted from fired steatite, a type of soapstone. Additionally, various other materials were used in bead-making, including agate, carnelian, lapis lazuli, grossular garnet, serpentine, and amazonite. These beads served both ornamental and possibly trade purposes, reflecting the craftsmanship and artistic skills of the Harappan people. They provide valuable insights into the materials and techniques used for adornment during that era.
52. Among the following, what showed the greatest uniformity in Indus Valley Civilization settlements?
- Religious practices
- Buildings
- Town planning
- Bricks
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Correct Answer: Town planning
The greatest uniformity within the Indus Valley Civilization is observed in the layouts of its towns, streets, structures, brick sizes, drains, and other elements. This uniformity is a notable characteristic of the civilization’s urban planning and architectural design. Across major sites such as Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Kalibangan, and others, a common pattern emerges: settlements divided into two parts. These typically consist of a citadel, located on a higher mound on the western side, and a lower town situated on the eastern side of the settlement. This standardized layout reflects the well-organized and consistent urban planning principles applied by the Harappan people across various cities within their civilization.
53. Which state of Independent India has the largest number of Indus Valley Civilization sites?
- Gujarat
- Punjab
- Rajasthan
- Haryana
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Correct Answer: Gujarat
Gujarat, after India’s independence, has emerged as a region rich in archaeological treasures from the Harappan civilization. It stands as one of the primary centers of the Indus Valley Civilization and houses major ancient metropolitan cities such as Lothal, Dholavira, and Gola Dhoro. These archaeological sites have played a crucial role in unraveling the mysteries of the Harappan civilization and its urban planning, trade networks, and cultural heritage.
54. The famous “Dancing girl” found in Mohenjo-Daro was made of which material?
- Steatite
- Terracotta
- Bronze
- Red limestone
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Correct Answer: Bronze
The ‘Dancing girl’ found in Mohenjo-Daro is a famous artifact dating back approximately 4,500 years and is made of bronze. This exquisite sculpture is a testament to the artistic skills of the people of the Harappan civilization. Steatite, also known as soapstone, was a prevalent material used to create seals, and such artifacts have been discovered at nearly every excavated Harappan site. Terracotta, another common material, was used to craft figurines and other objects of cultural and artistic significance.
55. The famous Bull-seal was found at which site of the Indus Valley Civilization?
- Lothal
- Chanhudaro
- Harappa
- Mohenjo-Daro
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Correct Answer: Harappa
The Bull-seal, another iconic artifact from the Indus Valley Civilization, was discovered at the Harappa site. This well-crafted seal showcases the fine artistic abilities of the people of that era. Seals from this civilization were typically square or rectangular in shape and were used for various purposes, including marking goods and documents. The bull-seal is dated to approximately 2450-2200 BC. Additionally, seals depicting a rhinoceros were found at Mohenjo-Daro, and the people of Lothal worshipped a horned deity depicted on ancient seals, providing insights into their religious beliefs and cultural practices.
56. Which Indus Valley Civilization site was located near the border of modern-day Iran?
- Suktagendor
- Amri
- Kot Diji
- Balakot
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Correct Answer: Suktagendor
Suktagendor, an important coastal town, was situated about 55 kilometers from the Arabian Sea shore, along the bank of the Dasht River near the Iran border. It is considered the western border of the Indus Valley Civilization. The location of Suktagendor holds historical significance in defining the extent of the civilization’s reach and its proximity to the Arabian Sea, which likely played a role in trade and maritime activities.
57. Who was the Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India at the time of the excavation of the Harappan site of the Indus Valley Civilization?
- John Marshall
- M. Wheeler
- Dayaram Sahni
- R.D. Banerji
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Correct Answer: John Marshall
During the excavation of Harappan sites, the Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India was John Marshall, who served from 1902 to 1928. In 1921, Marshall focused his efforts on exploring the Indus Valley, leading to the groundbreaking discovery of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. This discovery included the unearthing of the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, which have since become iconic archaeological sites that shed light on the civilization’s history, culture, and urban development. Marshall’s contributions were instrumental in unraveling the mysteries of this ancient civilization.
58. At which of the following sites of the Indus Valley Civilization was a clay model of a plough found?
- Banawali
- Mitathal
- Kalibangan
- Rakhigarhi
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Correct Answer: Banawali
Hyderabad and Bengaluru A clay model of a plough discovered at the Banawali site, an archaeological site from the Indus Valley Civilization period in the Fatehabad district of Haryana, sheds light on the agricultural practices of that time. The presence of this plough model suggests the use of agricultural tools and techniques in this ancient civilization, providing valuable insights into their farming practices and technological advancements in agriculture.secured over 84 percent on-time departures in the recent review.
59. Where was evidence of a game similar to chess found in the Indus Valley Civilization?
- Mohen Jo dero
- Kalibangan
- Harappa
- Lothal
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Correct Answer: Lothal
The resemblance between various types of terracotta game pieces found in Lothal and modern chessmen is a remarkable observation. Some scholars speculate that chess might have originated in the Indus Valley Civilization, while others believe it developed in India as Chaturanga between 400 BC to 400 AD. This connection highlights the possibility of early board games and the cultural exchange of ideas related to gaming and strategy in ancient times.
60. What does “kalibangan” mean in Rajasthan, showing the prehistoric and pre-Mauryan character of the Indus Valley Civilization?
- Black forest
- Black land
- Black River
- Black Bangles
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Correct Answer: Black Bangles
The word “Kali” means black, and “Bangan” means bangles. This linguistic insight provides a glimpse into the cultural significance and symbolism associated with the term. Bangles, often made of black materials such as glass or metal, have been an integral part of traditional Indian jewelry and attire, with cultural and aesthetic significance.
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