11. Which one of the following continent is called the ‘Cradle of humankind’?
- Australia continent
- Africa continent
- Asia continent
- Europe Continent
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Correct Answer: Africa continent
Cradle of Humankind in Africa: The term “Cradle of Humankind” specifically refers to the region in Africa where some of the earliest hominid fossils and evidence of human evolution have been discovered. This region is known for its rich archaeological sites, including Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, and Kromdraai in South Africa. These sites have yielded hominid fossils dating back millions of years, providing critical information about our evolutionary history. The term underscores the significance of Africa as the birthplace of humanity and the location where key discoveries have been made in the field of paleoanthropology.
12. What was the primary occupation of Palaeolithic (Old Stone Age) people?
- Hunting
- Fishing
- Agriculture
- Farming
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Correct Answer: Hunting
Hunting in the Palaeolithic (Old Stone Age): Hunting was indeed the primary occupation of people during the Palaeolithic, or Old Stone Age. This period, which lasted for millions of years, was characterized by the use of rudimentary stone tools and a reliance on hunting and gathering for sustenance. Palaeolithic humans were nomadic and depended on hunting animals, such as large mammals, for food and other resources. Their survival and adaptation were closely tied to their hunting skills, and this era represents a crucial stage in the development of human societies.
13. In which location have all the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic sites been found in sequence?
- Belan Valley
- Ahar
- Sarai Nahar Rai
- Kurnool Valley
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Correct Answer:Belan Valley
Belan Valley – Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic Phases: The Belan Valley, located in Uttar Pradesh, India, is renowned for its archaeological significance. It is one of the few places in the Indian subcontinent where evidence from all three major prehistoric phases—Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic—has been found in sequence. This unique archaeological site has yielded stone tools, pottery, and other artifacts that provide a comprehensive view of human cultural evolution over thousands of years.
14. The earliest ‘man like creature’, which racially differed from ‘Homo Sapiens; is known as-
- Pithecanthropus
- Hominid
- Neanderthal
- Sinanthropus
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Correct Answer: Hominid
Hominid – Early “Man-like Creature”: The term “hominid” is used in the field of paleoanthropology to describe any member of the biological family Hominidae, which includes humans (Homo sapiens) and their immediate ancestors. Hominids are characterized by certain anatomical and genetic traits that differentiate them from other primates. While the term “hominid” encompasses a broad range of species and genera, it is generally used to refer to early human ancestors who exhibited characteristics that set them apart from other primates.
15. Where were the earliest archaeological evidence related to human found in India?
- Bolan valley
- Belan valley
- Sohan valley
- Narmada valley
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Correct Answer: Narmada valley
Narmada Valley – Early Archaeological Evidence: The Narmada Valley in India has provided valuable archaeological evidence related to early human activities. This evidence includes the discovery of stone tools and artifacts that offer insights into the presence and behaviors of early humans in the Indian subcontinent. These findings contribute to our understanding of the prehistoric cultures and populations that inhabited the Narmada Valley and their interactions with the environment.
16. Adamgarh, which has provided the earliest evidence of animal domestication, is located in which state of India?
- Maharashtra
- Rajasthan
- Madhya Pradesh
- Gujarat
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Correct Answer: Madhya Pradesh
Adamgarh and Bagor – Evidence of Animal Domestication: Adamgarh, situated in Madhya Pradesh, and Bagor in Rajasthan have provided important archaeological evidence related to early animal domestication. These sites have yielded artifacts and remains that indicate the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture and animal husbandry. The evidence of animal domestication at Adamgarh and Bagor offers valuable insights into the development of early human societies and their shift toward agriculture-based economies.
17. At which of the following sites has the largest variety of food grains from the Chalcolithic age been found?
- Adamgarh
- Banahali
- Navdatoli
- Gilund
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Correct Answer: Navdatoli
Navdatoli – Variety of Food Grains in Chalcolithic Age: Navdatoli is an archaeological site that has yielded a diverse range of food grains from the Chalcolithic age. The Chalcolithic period represents a transitional phase between the Stone Age and the Bronze Age when copper tools and objects began to be used. The variety of food grains found at Navdatoli suggests agricultural practices and the cultivation of multiple crops during this historical period.
18. What is the correct location of the ancient site Deh Morasi Ghundai?
- Modern Turkey
- Afghanistan
- Northern Pakistan
- Eastern Persia
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Correct Answer: Afghanistan
Deh Morasi Ghundai – Prehistoric Excavation in Afghanistan: Deh Morasi Ghundai is situated in the Kandahar province of Afghanistan and holds the distinction of being the first prehistoric site to be excavated in Afghanistan. This archaeological site has provided valuable insights into the prehistoric periods of Afghanistan’s history, shedding light on the lifestyles, technologies, and cultures of ancient populations in the region.
19. In which of the following countries were the world’s first oil paintings discovered?
- Afghanistan
- Iran
- India
- Pakistan
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Correct Answer: Afghanistan
World’s First Oil Paintings in Bamiyan Caves: The Bamiyan caves in Afghanistan are famous for housing the world’s first oil paintings. These ancient caves, carved into the sandstone cliffs, gained international attention due to the colossal Buddha statues that once adorned them. The oil paintings found within the caves are believed to date back to the 5th to 9th centuries CE. They depict religious and mythological scenes and are remarkable for their use of oil-based pigments, showcasing the early mastery of this artistic technique in the region.
20. Which among the following is called the earliest biped human?
- Neanderthal
- Cro-Magnon
- Australopithecus
- Pithecanthropus
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Correct Answer: Pithecanthropus
Pithecanthropus – Earliest Bipedal Human: Pithecanthropus, now classified as Homo erectus, is often referred to as one of the earliest bipedal humans. Bipedalism is the ability to walk upright on two legs, and it represents a significant milestone in human evolution. Homo erectus, including specimens like Pithecanthropus, exhibited this bipedal locomotion, which is considered a crucial adaptation in human evolution.
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